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. 2018 May 31;77(9):1362–1371. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-213031

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Explant dermal fibroblasts present hallmark functional properties of activated fibrotic fibroblasts. Production of Col1 (A), CTGF (B) and αSMA (C); migration activity (D); and contractility (E) by normal and SSc dermal fibroblasts collected at baseline were analysed by western blot densitometry of cell lysates (A–C), scratch assay: percentage of remaining gap size (D) and 3D gel contraction assay: weight of the lattice plug (E), respectively. Representative western blot images are presented for each protein analysed (A–C, lower panel); western blot of the reference protein glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is shown for the corresponding samples. Representative images of scratch assay performed over an incubation period of 48 hours are shown (D, lower panel). Representative images of gel contraction assay performed over an incubation period of 24 hours are shown (E, lower panel). BL, baseline; Col1, collagen alpha 1; CTGF, connective tissue growth factor; NFs, normal fibroblasts; αSMA, alpha-smooth muscle actin; SSc, systemic sclerosis.