Table 3.
Factors associated with willingness for institutional care among older empty-nest singles in Shandong, China (n=391)
| Characteristics | Willingness for institutionalisation | COR (95% CI) | P values | AOR (95% CI) | P values | |
| Yes (%) | No (%) | |||||
| n=391 | 63 (16.1) | 328 (83.9) | ||||
| Gender | NA | |||||
| Male | 21 (15.9) | 111 (84.1) | 1.0 | |||
| Female | 42 (16.2) | 217 (83.8) | 1.023 (0.578 to 1.812) | 0.938 | ||
| Age | NA | |||||
| 60− | 27 (16.7) | 135 (83.3) | 1.0 | 0.708 | ||
| 70− | 27 (14.8) | 156 (85.2) | 0.865 (0.484 to 1.547) | 0.626 | ||
| 80− | 9 (19.6) | 37 (80.4) | 1.216 (0.526 to 2.810) | 0.647 | ||
| Education | NA | |||||
| Illiteracy or semiliterate | 38 (15.8) | 202 (84.2) | 1.0 | |||
| Primary school | 17 (17.7) | 79 (82.3) | 1.144 (0.610 to 2.144) | 0.675 | ||
| Junior school or above | 8 (14.5) | 47 (85.5) | 0.905 (0.396 to 2.066) | 0.812 | ||
| Past occupation | NA | |||||
| Farmer | 40 (14.4) | 238 (85.6) | 1.0 | |||
| Others | 23 (20.4) | 90 (79.6) | 1.521 (0.862 to 2.682) | 0.148 | ||
| No of children | NA | |||||
| 0–3 | 38 (17.9) | 174 (82.1) | 1.0 | |||
| >3 | 25 (14.0) | 154 (86.0) | 0.743 (0.429 to 1.288) | 0.290 | ||
| Relationship with children* | NA | |||||
| Good or normal | 39 (13.1) | 259 (86.9) | 1.0 | |||
| Poor | 11 (22.0) | 39 (78.0) | 1.873 (0.886 to 3.962) | 0.101 | ||
| Residence | ||||||
| Urban | 38 (24.5) | 117 (75.5) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| Rural | 25 (10.6) | 211 (89.4) | 0.365 (0.210 to 0.634) | <0.001 | 0.304 (0.161 to 0.572) | <0.001 |
| Self-reported health status | NA | |||||
| Good | 24 (13.9) | 149 (86.1) | 1.0 | |||
| Normal or poor | 39 (17.9) | 179 (82.1) | 1.353 (0.778 to 2.352) | 0.284 | ||
| Psychological stress† | 63 (16.1) | 328 (83.9) | 1.036 (1.000 to 1.073) | 0.050 | 1.045 (1.007 to 1.085) | 0.019 |
| ADL | NA | |||||
| I | 32 (14.7) | 185 (85.3) | 1.0 | |||
| II | 18 (18.4) | 80 (81.6) | 1.301 (0.690 to 2.453) | 0.416 | ||
| III | 13 (17.1) | 63 (82.9) | 1.193 (0.589 to 2.415) | 0.624 | ||
| NCD | NA | |||||
| Yes | 50 (16.9) | 246 (83.1) | 1.0 | |||
| No | 13 (13.7) | 82 (86.3) | 0.780 (0.403 to 1.508) | 0.460 | ||
| Household income‡ | ||||||
| Q1 | 29 (13.1) | 192 (86.9) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| Q2 | 19 (23.5) | 62 (76.5) | 2.209 (1.064 to 3.869) | 0.032 | 1.434 (0.721 to 2.851) | 0.304 |
| Q3 | 13 (18.8) | 56 (81.2) | 1.537 (0.749 to 3.154) | 0.241 | 0.832 (0.373 to 1.858) | 0.654 |
| Q4 | 2 (10.0) | 18 (90.0) | 0.736 (0.162 to 3.337) | 0.691 | 0.401 (0.084 to 1.917) | 0.252 |
| Per capita living space | 63 (16.1) | 328 (83.9) | 0.997 (0.990 to 1.005) | 0.504 | NA | |
The bold values mean statistical significance.
*Forty-three of the participants are childless elders and were regarded as missing data here.
†We also included ‘psychological stress’ in a multivariate logistic regression model.
‡Quartile 1 (Q1) is the poorest and Quartile 4 (Q4) is the richest.
ADL, activities of daily living; AOR, adjusted OR; COR, crude OR; NA, not applicable; NCD, non-communicable disease.