Table 4.
Factors associated with willingness for institutional care among old empty-nest couples in Shandong, China (n=1934)
| Characteristics | Willingness for institutionalisation | COR (95% CI) | P values | AOR (95% CI) | P values | |
| Yes (%) | No (%) | |||||
| n=1934 | 165 (8.5) | 1769 (91.5) | ||||
| Gender | NA | |||||
| Male | 83 (8.4) | 900 (91.6) | 1.0 | |||
| Female | 82 (8.6) | 869 (91.4) | 1.023 (0.744 to 1.408) | 0.888 | ||
| Age | NA | |||||
| 60− | 100 (8.0) | 1157 (92.0) | 1.0 | 0.384 | ||
| 70− | 58 (9.9) | 530 (90.1) | 1.266 (0.902 to 1.778) | 0.173 | ||
| 80− | 7 (7.9) | 82 (92.1) | 0.988 (0.445 to 2.195) | 0.976 | ||
| Education | ||||||
| Illiteracy or semiliterate | 34 (4.6) | 710 (95.4) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| Primary school | 45 (7.1) | 588 (92.9) | 1.598 (1.010 to 2.528) | 0.045 | 1.139 (0.703 to 1.845) | 0.660 |
| Junior school or above | 86 (15.4) | 471 (84.6) | 3.813 (2.521 to 5.767) | <0.001 | 1.918 (1.173 to 3.135) | 0.009 |
| Past occupation | ||||||
| Farmer | 54 (4.7) | 1102 (95.3) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| Others | 111 (14.3) | 667 (85.7) | 3.396 (2.419 to 4.767) | <0.001 | 0.909 (0.535 to 1.544) | 0.724 |
| No of children | ||||||
| 0–3 | 122 (9.5) | 1168 (90.5) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| >3 | 43 (6.7) | 601 (93.3) | 0.685 (0.477 to 0.983) | 0.040 | 0.878 (0.598 to 1.288) | 0.506 |
| Relationship with children* | ||||||
| Good or normal | 145 (8.1) | 1637 (91.9) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| Poor | 20 (14.3) | 120 (85.7) | 1.882 (1.138 to 3.111) | 0.014 | 2.677 (1.553 to 4.615) | <0.001 |
| Residence | ||||||
| Urban | 136 (14.9) | 776 (85.1) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| Rural | 29 (2.8) | 993 (97.2) | 0.167 (0.110 to 0.252) | <0.001 | 0.167 (0.110 to 0.252) | <0.001 |
| Self-reported health status | NA | |||||
| Good | 85 (8.8) | 877 (91.2) | 1.0 | |||
| Normal or poor | 80 (8.2) | 892 (91.8) | 0.925 (0.672 to 1.273) | 0.634 | ||
| Psychological stress | 165 (8.5) | 1769 (91.5) | 0.984 (0.955 to 1.014) | 0.289 | ||
| ADL | ||||||
| I | 134 (9.6) | 1269 (90.4) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| II | 24 (7.7) | 289 (92.3) | 0.786 (0.500 to 1.237) | 0.298 | 0.905 (0.563 to 1.453) | 0.678 |
| III | 7 (3.2) | 211 (96.8) | 0.314 (0.145 to 0.681) | 0.003 | 0.436 (0.196 to 1.018) | 0.052 |
| NCD | NA | |||||
| Yes | 118 (9.1) | 1175 (90.9) | 1.0 | |||
| No | 47 (7.3) | 594 (92.7) | 0.788 (0.554 to 1.121) | 0.185 | ||
| Household income† | ||||||
| Q1 | 11 (2.0) | 526 (98.0) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| Q2 | 34 (6.2) | 517 (93.8) | 3.145 (1.576 to 6.273) | 0.001 | 2.676 (1.326 to 5.400) | 0.006 |
| Q3 | 44 (10.6) | 370 (89.4) | 5.686 (2.898 to 11.157) | <0.001 | 3.117 (1.430 to 6.798) | 0.004 |
| Q4 | 76 (17.6) | 356 (82.4) | 10.208 (5.348 to 19.485) | <0.001 | 4.674 (2.057 to 10.621) | <0.001 |
| Per capita living space | 165 (8.5) | 1769 (91.5) | 0.989 (0.980 to 0.998) | 0.019 | 0.984 (0.974 to 0.995) | 0.003 |
*Twelve of the participants are childless elders and were regarded as missing data here.
†Quartile 1 (Q1) is the poorest and Quartile 4 (Q4) is the richest.
ADL, activities of daily living; AOR, adjusted OR; COR, crude OR; NA, not applicable; NCD, non-communicable disease.