Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies
| Participants (n) | Male (%) | Starting altitude (m) | Altitude reached (m) | Ascent rate (m/hour) | AMS definition | |
| Roncin et al,15 1996 | 44 | 100 | 1800 | 5400 | 15 | AMS-C>0.7 |
| Gertsch et al, 16 2002 | 26 | 46 | 0 | 4205 | 1402 | LLS≥3 with HA |
| Gertsch et al, 17 2004 | 243 | 70 | 4280–4358 | 4928 | 10–20 | LLS≥3 with HA |
| Chow et al,18 2005 | 37 | 54 | 1230 | 3800 | 1285 | LLS≥3 with HA |
| Moraga et al,13 2007 | 24 | 100 | 0 | 3696 | 435 | LLS≥3 or one symptom score ≥3 |
| Leadbetter et al,19
2009 study 1 |
40 | 45 | 2000 | 4300 | 1150 | AMS-C≥0.7 + LLS≥3 with HA |
| Leadbetter et al,19
2009 study 2 |
37 | 44 | 2000 | 4300 | 1150 | AMS-C≥0.7 + LLS≥3 with HA |
AMS, acute mountain sickness; AMS-C, the Environmental Symptom Questionnaire III Acute Mountain Sickness-Cerebral score; HA, headache; LLS, Lake Louise Score.