Table 7.

Results of the Bayesian independent-samples t test on measures of executive function.

Executive function domain	Task	Bayes factor in favor of alternative hypothesis a	Evidence for or against the bilingual advantage hypothesis b
Switching	Pirate Sorting	0.19	AGAINST (substantial evidence for null)
Updating	Number Updating	0.20	AGAINST (substantial evidence for null)
	N-Back Auditory	2694.27	AGAINST (decisive evidence for monolingual advantage)
	N-Back Visual	3.72	AGAINST (substantial evidence for monolingual advantage)

Note. The table does not include the inhibition tasks as they had unacceptable reliability. Please see Table 6.

^a The Bayes factor for the Bayesian independent-samples t test specifies the ratio of the results under the alternative hypothesis versus the null hypothesis.

^b The qualitative labels for the Bayes factor results are based on those by Jeffreys (1961) as modified by Wetzels et al. (2011).