Table 1.

Participant information presented in means and standard deviations.

Measure	HEE		BESE		HSE		All
Status	TD	LI	TD	LI	TD	LI	TD	LI
N	70	10	129	24	114	31	313	65
Sex	39 F, 31 M	3 F, 7 M	64 F, 65 M	9 F, 15 M	60 F, 54 M	8 F, 23 M	163 F, 150 M	20 F, 45 M
Age in months	104.80 (9.95)	105.60 (10.55)	101.02 (10.16)	98.92 (9.82)	98.92 (8.44)	97.58 (10.57)	101.10 (9.74)	99.31 (10.51)
SES a	3.68 (1.71)	3.00 (1.63)	2.64 (1.50)	2.43 (1.47)	2.57 (1.56)	2.81 (1.74)	2.84 (1.63)	2.70 (1.62)
Age of first exposure in years b	2.01 (2.24)	2.60 (2.22)	2.42 (1.99)	3.05 (2.30)	3.68 (1.71)	3.90 (1.68)	2.79 (2.07)	3.40 (2.04)
English Semantics SS	97.17 (12.91)	63.70 (18.49)	92.90 (16.18)	62.44 (21.28)	88.03 (18.44)	51.42 (18.20)	92.10 (16.71)	57.38 (19.98)
Spanish Semantics SS	79.17 (25.08)	67.90 (17.60)	96.80 (13.89)	60.37 (22.74)	97.85 (11.96)	59.49 (19.24)	93.54 (17.79)	60.89 (20.33)
English vocabulary c	4.24 (0.92)	3.67 (1.86)	3.45 (1.34)	2.48 (1.08)	3.01 (1.23)	1.86 (1.22)	3.48 (1.29)	2.36 (1.27)
English sentence length d	4.54 (0.82)	4.11 (0.93)	4.25 (1.09)	2.45 (1.30)	3.32 (1.27)	2.33 (1.14)	3.99 (1.21)	2.66 (1.32)
English grammar e	4.28 (0.72)	3.50 (0.76)	3.63 (0.95)	2.52 (1.03)	2.87 (1.07)	2.46 (1.10)	3.53 (1.09)	2.64 (1.08)
Spanish vocabulary f	2.97 (1.78)	2.50 (2.12)	4.47 (0.88)	3.30 (1.02)	4.36 (1.03)	3.77 (1.10)	4.12 (1.31)	3.40 (1.34)
Spanish sentence length g	3.13 (1.99)	3.10 (2.28)	4.77 (0.60)	3.87 (1.22)	4.72 (0.82)	4.00 (1.11)	4.41 (1.28)	3.81 (1.40)
Spanish grammar h	2.87 (1.89)	2.20 (1.75)	4.43 (0.70)	3.33 (0.87)	4.24 (0.98)	3.63 (0.89)	4.03 (1.29)	3.30 (1.15)

Note. HEE = high English experience; BESE = balanced English–Spanish experience; HSE = high Spanish experience; TD = typically developing; LI = language impaired; F = female; M = male; SES = socioeconomic status Hollingshead Score; SS = standard score.

^a 6 missing.

^b 5 missing.

^c 25 missing.

^d 29 missing.

^e 34 missing.

^f 31 missing.

^g 33 missing.

^h 36 missing.