Table 6.
Parameter estimates from the bivariate dual change score model for dialect density and language.
| Parameter | Dialect |
Language |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estimate | SE | Estimate | SE | |
| Intercept mean | 6.61 | 0.15 | −0.58 | 0.05 |
| Slope mean | −0.99 | 0.20 | 0.48 | 0.02 |
| Proportional (β) | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.02 |
| Coupling (γ) | 0.36 | 0.11 | (0) | (0) |
| Intercept variance | 6.99 | 0.63 | 0.62 | 0.06 |
| Residual variance | 1.74 | 0.12 | 0.24 | 0.02 |
| Covariance | SE | Correlation | ||
| Intercept covariance | −1.71 | 0.16 | −.82 | |
| Residual covariance | −0.05 | 0.03 | −.07 | |
Note. Dialect density percentages were rescaled to 1/10th. Parentheses indicate a parameter restricted to zero. “Coupling” refers to the effect from the other construct (see Equations 3a–3b): The column name is the outcome, and the other construct is the predictor.