Table 1.
Study 1—MLS factors and factor loadings
| Factor | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | |
| 1. Growth/purpose | |||||||
| MLS-39 | .811 | ||||||
| MLS-48 | .777 | ||||||
| MLS-77 | .765 | ||||||
| MLS-13 | .735 | ||||||
| MLS-25 | .730 | ||||||
| MLS-56 | .729 | ||||||
| MLS-04 | .712 | ||||||
| MLS-68 | .683 | ||||||
| MLS-59 | .636 | ||||||
| 2. Managing uncertainty | |||||||
| MLS-23 | .752 | ||||||
| MLS-30 | .728 | ||||||
| MLS-44 | .726 | ||||||
| MLS-53 | .697 | ||||||
| MLS-74 | .675 | ||||||
| MLS-5 | .655 | ||||||
| MLS-17 | .642 | ||||||
| 3. Spirituality | |||||||
| MLS-37R | .945 | ||||||
| MLS-63 | .942 | ||||||
| MLS-60 | .934 | ||||||
| MLS-19 | .926 | ||||||
| 4. Adversity level | |||||||
| MLS-35 | .853 | ||||||
| MLS-7 | .813 | ||||||
| MLS-18 | .804 | ||||||
| 5. Emotional objectivity | |||||||
| MLS-01 | − .321 | .807 | |||||
| MLS-27 | − .323 | .792 | |||||
| MLS-72R | − .424 | .650 | |||||
| 6. Humor | |||||||
| MLS-66 | .855 | ||||||
| MLS-51R | .853 | ||||||
| MLS-02R | .302 | .549 | |||||
| 7. Changing philosophy | |||||||
| MLS-15R | .908 | ||||||
| MLS-22R | .905 | ||||||
| Variance | 17.77% | 14.03% | 12.11% | 7.78% | 6.61% | 6.60% | 5.70% |
| Cronbach’s α | .910 | .859 | .972 | .837 | .836 | .817 | .814 |
N = 358. Adversity items (two) related to adversity in adults over 40 were not included in this analysis due to missing data for participants over 40