Fig. 2.

Growth traits of P. patens gametophores grown at 2.3, 4.0, and 7.1×g for 25 days. The average (± SE) ratios of the parameters to those grown at 1×g were shown. a Rhizoid length and shoot length (n = 10–14), and b shoot diameter for each gametophore (n = 10–14) and c the number of gametophores in a canopy (n = 5–6). Differences between 1×g and each hypergravity condition (2.3, 4.0 and 7.1×g) were analyzed using Welch’s t-test, with significant levels of *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001. n.s. means no significant difference