Table 2.
Changes between baseline and follow-up in in the intervention and the placebo group
| Vitamin D | Placebo | Vitamin D vs. Placebo | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Follow up | Changea | Baseline | Follow up | Changea | |||||||
| n | Mean (SD) | n | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | n | Mean (SD) | n | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean differenceb (95% CI) | p-value | |
| 25(OH)D (nmol/L) | 19 | 44.3 (8.3) | 19 | 70.5 (16.2) | 26.3 (14.7) | 19 | 44.2 (7.1) | 19 | 49.8 (21.5) | 5.6 (20.2) | 20.7 (9.1 to 32.3) | <0.001 |
| Weight (kg) | 19 | 102.8 (19.4) | 19 | 102.1 (18.9) | −0.8 (2.2) | 19 | 100.5 (13.0) | 19 | 99.2 (13.7) | −1.3 (3.1) | 0.6 (−1.2 to 2.3) | 0.53 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 19 | 31.5 (5.4) | 19 | 31.3 (5.2) | −0.2 (0.6) | 19 | 31.2 (3.9) | 19 | 30.7 (3.8) | −0.5 (0.9) | 0.3 (−0.2 to 0.8) | 0.26 |
| Percentage body fat (%-units) | 19 | 29.7 (6.2) | 19 | 30.3 (7.5) | 0.6 (2.0) | 19 | 28.4 (6.4) | 19 | 28.5 (6.2) | 0.1 (2.6) | 0.5 (−1.1 to 2.0) | 0.54 |
| Maximum VO2 (L/min) | 17 | 3.02 (0.53) | 17 | 3.04 (0.61) | 0.02 (0.23) | 18 | 3.03 (0.59) | 18 | 3.06 (0.71) | 0.03 (0.24) | −0.01 (−0.2 to 0.2) | 0.90 |
| Maximum VO2/kg (ml/min/kg) | 17 | 30.0 (6.4) | 17 | 30.4 (7.8) | 0.4 (2.5) | 18 | 31.1 (7.8) | 18 | 31.7 (8.7) | 0.6 (2.4) | −0.2 (−1.9 to 1.5) | 0.80 |
| Maximum load (Watt) | 17 | 242.8 (52.3) | 17 | 246.0 (54.8) | 3.2 (19.0) | 18 | 248.7 (58.9) | 18 | 252.7 (56.3) | 4.0 (11.7) | −0.8 (-11.5 to 10.0) | 0.89 |
| Maximum heart rate (bpm) | 17 | 167.6 (15.8) | 17 | 164.3 (18.3) | −3.4 (11.7) | 18 | 162.5 (17.7) | 18 | 164.2 (19.2) | 1.7 (7.9) | −5.1 (−11.9 to 1.8) | 0.14 |
| VO2 at AT (L/min) | 16 | 1.66 (0.41) | 16 | 1.79 (0.49) | 0.13 (0.26) | 17 | 1.78 (0.39) | 17 | 1.78 (0.45) | 0.0 (0.27) | 0.13 (−0.05 to 0.33) | 0.14 |
| Reported change in physical activity | Vitamin D n = 12 | Placebo n = 14 | 0.02c | |||||||||
| Less activity post, n (%) | 0 (0%) | 6 (43%) | ||||||||||
| No change, n (%) | 8 (67%) | 7 (50%) | ||||||||||
| More activity post, n (%) | 4 (33%) | 1 (7%) | ||||||||||
aChange = Follow up minus Baseline
bBetween group differences were compared using a two-sample t-test
cChi-2 test was used for the variable “reported change in physical activity”