Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients according to AHREs occurrence
| AHRE (≥ 5 min) | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| No (n = 323) | Yes (n = 173) | ||
| Women (%) | 37.5 | 31.8 | 0.238 |
| Age (years) | 67.9 ± 14.4 | 70.3 ± 13.2 | 0.078 |
| AF (any type) (%) | 9.8 | 39.5 | < 0.001 |
| Paroxysmal AF (%) | 6.4 | 26.9 | |
| Persistent AF (%) | 0.6 | 5.3 | |
| Permanent AF (%) | 2.6 | 7.6 | |
| Hypertension (%) | 66.8 | 65.3 | 0.763 |
| Diabetes (%) | 30.1 | 29.1 | 0.837 |
| Heart Failure (%) | 40.8 | 37.4 | 0.498 |
| CAD (%) | 41.6 | 36.8 | 0.333 |
| Stroke/TIA (%) | 9.2 | 12.8 | 0.219 |
| Metabolic syndrome (n = 250, %) | 46.6 | 41.2 | 0.438 |
| Waist circumference (n = 250, cm) | 104.3 ± 14.7 | 102.5 ± 14.8 | 0.335 |
| LA enlargement (n = 348, %) | 57.4 | 62.9 | 0.368 |
| Ejection fraction (n = 358, %) | 45.4 ± 18.6 | 48.4 ± 16.8 | 0.119 |
| Haemoglobin (g/l) | 132.3 ± 18.4 | 133.3 ± 18.3 | 0.573 |
| Platelet count (× 109/l) | 241.8 ± 76.6 | 229.1 ± 63.6 | 0.064 |
| White cell count (× 109/l) | 7.8 ± 2.4 | 8.7 ± 5.7 | 0.011 |
| CRP (mg/l) | 3.0 (2.0–10) | 5.0 (2.5–11.5) | 0.150 |
| High CRP (above median) (%) | 47.9 | 56.6 | 0.099 |
| Creatinine (μmol/l) | 100.4 ± 55.0 | 99.2 ± 42.7 | 0.797 |
| eGFR classes | 0.480 | ||
| > 90 ml/min/1.7 | 18.9 | 16.2 | |
| 89–50 ml/min/1.7 | 50.9 | 50.3 | |
| 49–30 ml/min/1.7 | 25.5 | 30.6 | |
| < 30 ml/min/1.7 | 4.7 | 2.9 | |
| eGFR < 68 ml/min/1.7 (%) | 47.5 | 50.3 | 0.572 |
| eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.7 (%) | 30.2 | 33.5 | 0.477 |
| ALT (U/l) | 28.2 ± 25.9 | 29.0 ± 32.0 | 0.786 |
| Potassium (mmol/l) | 4.6 ± 2.4 | 4.5 ± 0.5 | 0.460 |
| Bilirubin (μmol/l) | 11.7 ± 6.8 | 13.0 ± 9.9 | 0.048 |
| Beta Blockers (%) | 40.2 | 42.4 | 0.699 |
| ACEI/ARB (%) | 57.0 | 57.6 | 0.924 |
| Diuretic (%) | 43.4 | 50.0 | 0.181 |
| Oral anticoagulant (%) | 13.0 | 36.8 | < 0.001 |
| Antiplatelet (%) | 49.4 | 40.4 | 0.058 |
| Digoxin (%) | 3.8 | 11.8 | 0.002 |
| Amiodarone (%) | 8.9 | 9.4 | 0.869 |
| Statin (%) | 63.0 | 62.4 | 0.922 |
| Calcium channel blocker (%) | 19.9 | 18.2 | 0.718 |
ACEI angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, ARB angiotensin receptor blocker, AF atrial fibrillation, ALT alanine aminotransferase, CAD coronary artery disease (previous myocardial infarction, cardiac revascularization), CRP C reactive protein, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, LA left atrium, TIA transient ischaemic attack