TABLE 2.
Subgroup and sensitivity analyses
| Variable | Studies included (references) | RR, 95% Cl, P-value | Heterogeneity (I2), P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex and fracture type | |||
| Men | |||
| All fractures | N = 4 (14,16,19,20) | RR 1.73, 95% Cl 1.50–2.30, P < .001* | 86%, P < .001 |
| Hip fracture | N = 2 (14,16) | RR 3.67, 95% Cl 2.10–6.41, P < .001* | 58%, P = .12 |
| Women | |||
| All fractures | N = 6 (all studies) | RR 1.85 95% Cl 1.37–2.20, P < .001* | 71%, P = .004 |
| Hip fracture | N = 2 (14,16) | RR 5.79, 95% Cl 3.55–9.44, P < .001* | 43%, P = .15 |
| Higher quality studies (all fractures) | N = 3 (14, 16, 19) | RR 2.25, 95% Cl 1.61–3.14, P < .001* | 94%, P < .001 |
| Excluding outliersa(all fractures) | N = 4 (14, 19, 21, 22) | RR 1.53, 95% Cl 1.47–1.61, P < .001* | 0%, P = .85 |
| Ratio of relative risks (RRR) between sexes, by fracture type | |||
| All fractures | N = 6 (all studies) | RRR 0.94, 95% Cl 0.68–1.29, Z = −0.41b | P = .68 |
| Hip fracture | N = 2 (14,16) | RRR 0.63, 95% Cl 0.30–1.33, Z = −1.20b | P = .23 |
*
Denotes significant P-value.
a
Fixed effects model used due to low heterogeneity.
b
Denotes Z-score (test of interaction).