Graphene overlay does not alter the biophysical interaction between voltage-gated sodium and potassium channels in cultured RGCs. RGCs cultured on laminin platforms without (−), A) or with (+), B) graphene overlay showed large cell bodies (arrows) with widespread neurite processes. Scale bars = 20 μm. RGCs cultured on laminin platforms without (−), C) or with (+), D) graphene overlay produced transient inward currents followed by prolonged outward currents to depolarizing test potentials. E) RGCs cultured on graphene-integrated platforms showed significantly reduced inward (*) and outward (#) currents. F) However, the reduction in inward and outward currents does not alter the biophysical interaction between inward and outward currents. (n = 7, -Graphene; n = 10, +Graphene; *p < 0.025; #p < 0.015).