TABLE 1.
Characteristics of children with special healthcare needs ages 0–17 years by congenital heart disease status, NS-CSHCN, United States, 2009–2010
| Congenital heart disease
|
Chi-square P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Yes N = 1956 (weighted %, 95% CI) |
No N = 34 622 (weighted %, 95% CI) |
||
| Child characteristics | |||
| Age (years) | <.001 | ||
| 0–5 | 27.0 (23.6, 30.7) | 20.6 (19.8, 21.4) | |
| 6–17 | 73.0 (69.3, 76.4) | 79.4 (78.6, 80.2) | |
| Sex | <.001 | ||
| Male | 52.0 (48.0, 55.6) | 59.8 (58.8, 60.7) | |
| Female | 48.0 (44.0, 52.0) | 40.2 (39.3, 41.2) | |
| Race/ethnicity | .37 | ||
| White, non-Hispanic | 62.3 (58.1, 66.3) | 60.2 (59.2, 61.2) | |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 13.4 (10.9, 16.4) | 16.0 (15.2, 16.8) | |
| Hispanic | 16.5 (13.3, 20.4) | 16.0 (15.2, 16.9) | |
| Othera | 7.8 (5.6, 10.7) | 7.9 (7.3, 8.4) | |
| Insurance type | .07 | ||
| Any private | 59.7 (55.6, 63.8) | 63.2 (62.2, 64.2) | |
| Public | 37.8 (33.8, 42.0) | 33.4 (32.5, 34.4) | |
| Uninsured | 2.5 (1.7, 3.8) | 3.4 (3.0, 3.8) | |
| Medical homeb | .04 | ||
| Yes | 39.5 (35.8, 43.4) | 43.7 (42.7, 44.6) | |
| No | 60.5 (56.6, 64.3) | 56.4 (55.4, 57.3) | |
| Type of comorbiditiesc | <.001 | ||
| None | 11.4 (9.4, 13.8) | 8.1 (7.5, 8.7) | |
| Developmental | 12.6 (10.5, 15.1) | 17.4 (16.7, 18.1) | |
| Physical | 28.4 (24.9, 32.2) | 40.0 (39.1, 41.0) | |
| Both | 47.6 (43.6, 51.6) | 34.6 (33.6, 35.5) | |
| Condition affects daily activities | |||
| Never affected | 21.9 (19.0, 25.1) | 35.3 (34.4, 36.2) | <.001 |
| Moderately affect, some of the time | 36.5 (32.8, 40.4) | 38.8 (37.8, 39.7) | |
| Consistently affect, often a great deal | 41.6 (37.7, 45.7) | 26.0 (25.1, 26.9) | |
|
| |||
| Family characteristics | |||
| Person completing surveyd | .003 | ||
| Mother | 82.8 (79.7, 85.5) | 77.6 (76.8, 78.4) | |
| Father | 12.2 (9.9, 15.0) | 15.5 (14.8, 16.2) | |
| Other relative or guardian | 5.0 (3.7, 6.8) | 6.9 (6.4, 7.4) | |
| Family structure | .04 | ||
| Two parents (biological, adoptive, or stepparent) | 68.0 (64.2, 71.6) | 67.3 (66.3, 68.3) | |
| Mother only (no father present) | 26.8 (23.3, 30.4) | 25.2 (24.3, 26.1) | |
| Other structures (including father only) | 5.3 (3.8, 7.2) | 7.5 (7.0, 8.1) | |
| Highest education of any household member | .54 | ||
| <High school | 12.1 (9.2, 15.6) | 10.2 (9.5, 11.0) | |
| High school | 18.8 (15.8, 22.3) | 19.6 (18.8, 20.4) | |
| >High school | 69.1 (65.0, 73.0) | 70.2 (69.2, 71.2) | |
| Federal poverty statuse | .17 | ||
| <100% FPL | 24.1 (20.7, 27.8) | 21.0 (20.2, 21.9) | |
| 100%–199% FPL | 23.2 (19.8, 27.1) | 21.7 (20.9, 22.5) | |
| 200%–399% FPL | 27.0 (23.8, 30.6) | 29.0 (28.1, 29.8) | |
| ≥400% FPL | 25.7 (22.5, 29.1) | 28.3 (27.5, 29.2) | |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; FPL, federal poverty level.
Other includes respondents identified as Asian, Alaskan Native, American Indian, Native Hawaiian, Pacific Islander, or mixed race.
Meets Maternal and Child Health Bureau criteria for a medical home.
Developmental comorbidities include attention deficit disorder or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, depression, anxiety, behavioral or conduct problems, autism or an autism spectrum disorder, developmental delay, an intellectual disability or mental retardation, Down syndrome; physical comorbidities include asthma, diabetes, epilepsy or seizure disorder, migraines or frequent headaches, blood problems, cystic fibrosis, cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, arthritis or joint problems, allergies, and head injury, concussion or traumatic brain injury.
Biological, adoptive, step, or foster parent.
Based on US Department of Health and Human Services poverty guidelines.