Table 2.
The synergistic effects of TPP, PBO and DEM on the toxicity of imidacloprid to the resistance and susceptible populations of Diaphorina citria.
| Population | Imidacloprid/Synergist | LC50a (95% CL) b (mg·L−1) |
Slope ± SE | χ2 (df) | RRc | SRd |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zengcheng | Imidacloprid | 4.57 (3.37–6.87) |
1.55 ± 0.26 | 0.13 (4) | 15.12 | — |
| Imidacloprid + TPP | 1.86 (1.31–2.70) |
1.50 ± 0.20 | 0.78 (4) | 6.20 | 2.46 | |
| Imidacloprid + PBO | 1.19 (0.81–1.76) |
1.35 ± 0.17 | 0.74 (4) | 3.97 | 3.84 | |
| Imidacloprid + DEM | 2.70 (1.80–3.95) |
1.43 ± 0.20 | 1.56 (4) | 8.67 | 1.69 | |
| Susceptible | Imidacloprid | 0.30 (0.22–0.44) |
1.58 ± 0.23 | 1.72 (4) | — | — |
| Imidacloprid + TPP | 0.24 (0.15–0.38) |
1.15 ± 0.15 | 1.96 (4) | — | 1.25 | |
| Imidacloprid + PBO | 0.18 (0.11–0.27) |
1.25 ± 0.16 | 1.67 (4) | — | 1.67 | |
| Imidacloprid + DEM | 0.27 (0.17–0.43) |
1.18 ± 0.16 | 2.30 (4) | — | 1.11 |
aLC50 values were determined by using 250-400 adults for each insecticide and population. bCL = Confidence limit. cRR (resistance ratios) = LC50 of field population/LC50 of susceptible population. dSR (synergistic ratios) = LC50 without synergist/LC50 with synergist.