Fig. 4.

Experience-dependent modification of the dynamic state of LNv dendrites. a Representative tracking trajectories generated by movements of dynamic filopodia in single-labeled LNvs collected at 120 h AEL from larvae cultured in light dark (LD), constant light (LL), or constant darkness (DD). Scale bar, 5 μm. b Differential visual experiences provided by LL or DD during larval development generate opposite effects on dendrite dynamics in LNvs. Compared to LD, the percentage of dynamic branches, as well as the number of newly appeared branches, significantly increases in DD but decreased in LL. n = 9, 12, and 11 for LD, LL, and DD, respectively. Statistical significance was assessed by one-way ANOVA with Dunnett post hoc test. Dynamic branches (Left), ANOVA: F_{2, 29} = 39.441, P < 0.001; Dunnett: P < 0.001, LD vs others. New branches (Right), ANOVA: F_{2, 29} = 14.85, P < 0.001; Dunnett: P = 0.021, LD vs LL; P = 0.044, LD vs DD. c Compared to the LD group, young LNvs (72 h) cultured in LL have significantly reduced dendrite dynamics, close to the levels observed in mature LNv (120 h) cultured in LD. n = 9, 9, 9, and 12 for 72LD, 72LL, 120LD, and 120LL, respectively. Statistical significance was assessed by two-tailed Student’s t-test. Dynamic branches (Left): t₁₆ = 4.012, P = 0.001, 72LD vs 72LL; t₁₉ = 4.297, P < 0.001, 120LD vs 120LL; t₁₆ = 0.194, P = 0.849, 72LL vs 120LD. New branches (Right): t₁₆ = 2.59, P = 0.02, 72LD vs 72LL; t₁₉ = 4.101, P < 0.001, 120LD vs 120LL; t₁₆ = 1.017, P = 0.324, 72LL vs 120LD. Data are presented as box plot (box, 25–75%; center line, median) overlaid with dot plot (individual data points). ns, not significant; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001