Effect of rifabutin and clarithromycin combinations on M. abscessus viability. The following antibiotics were added to M. abscessus ATCC 19977 cultures: clarithromycin at 1× (0.4 mg/liter), 1/2×, or 1/4× MIC (A); rifabutin at 1× (6.3 mg/liter), 1/2×, or 1/4× MIC (B); or a combination of clarithromycin and rifabutin at 1×, 1/2×, or 1/4× MIC of each antibiotic (C). The effect of rifabutin at higher clarithromycin concentrations was tested by incubating M. abscessus with rifabutin alone at 1× to 1/16× MIC (D) or in combination with 50× MIC (20 mg/liter) of clarithromycin (E). CFU were determined at 24-h intervals after antibiotic addition. Data points are the means from three replicates with standard deviations presented as error bars.