Table 3. Univariate and multivariate analysis of factors influencing overall survival (OS) after surgical resection.
| Variable | Univariate | Multivariate | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5-year rate (%) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | ||
| PD-L1 expression | 0.066 | 0.166 | |||
| Non-over | 35.2 | 1 (referent) | |||
| Over | 23.8 | 1.316 (0.892–1.941) | |||
| PD-L2 expression | 0.081 | 0.536 | |||
| Non-over | 33.1 | 1 (referent) | |||
| Over | 20.6 | 1.129 (0.770–1.655) | |||
| Age (years) | 0.374 | ||||
| <65 | 30.3 | ||||
| >65 | 25.6 | ||||
| Gender | 0.644 | ||||
| Male | 26.9 | ||||
| Female | 38.5 | ||||
| Smoking | 0.090 | 0.063 | |||
| No | 33.3 | 1 (referent) | |||
| Yes | 22.3 | 1.425 (0.981–2.070) | |||
| Tumor length (cm) | 0.310 | ||||
| <4 | 32.2 | ||||
| >4 | 23.7 | ||||
| Differentiation | 0.042 | 0.084 | |||
| Well | 42.9 | 1 (referent) | |||
| Moderate | 31.6 | 1.233 (0.655–2.320) | 0.516 | ||
| Poorly | 16.7 | 1.634 (0.763–3.500) | 0.206 | ||
| No mention | 18.2 | 2.010 (1.012–3.994) | 0.046 | ||
| pT status | 0.090 | 0.574 | |||
| T1–2 | 43.7 | 1 (referent) | |||
| T3–4 | 23.2 | 0.853 (0.490–1.485) | |||
| pN status | 0.001 | 0.839 | |||
| N0 | 47.0 | 1 (referent) | |||
| N1–3 | 17.5 | 0.922 (0.421–2.018) | |||
| Pathological stage | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| I–II | 49.8 | 1 (referent) | |||
| III–IV | 14.1 | 2.173 (1.476–3.197) | |||
| Post-op adjuvant treatment | 0.381 | ||||
| No | 31.3 | ||||
| Yes | 23.0 | ||||
HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; PD-L1, programmed death ligand-1; PD-L2, programmed death ligand-2.