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. 2015 Aug 13;11(2):277–293. doi: 10.1007/s11625-015-0330-8

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© The Author(s) 2015

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

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Fig. 3 — Farmer in his well-managed cocoa agroforest producing an annual harvest of about 2 t ha⁻¹ of cocoa in the municipality of São Félix do Xingu, southeastern Pará State, Brazilian Amazon. Although endemic to the Amazon region, there are no signs of the witches’ broom fungus (Moniliophthora perniciosa) on the farm, presumably as a result of the still relatively small and fragmented cocoa area interspersed with pasture and the relatively pronounced dry season in this part of the Amazon (Photo: B. Griscom)