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An electron holographic phase image, in which the contrast is proportional to projected thickness, obtained from four representative MV-1 crystals both without (Top) and with (Middle) equally spaced contours. Each phase contour spacing of 0.47 radians corresponds to a thickness of 4.6 nm. (Bottom) Lengthwise cross sections of these crystals. The vertical scale is proportional to the measured phase shift in radians.
