Table 4.
Crude and adjusted Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for maternal and neonatal outcomes at advanced and very advanced maternal age groups compared with < 35 years group
| Maternal Age Groups | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Perinatal Outcomes | 35–39 years | ≥40 years | ||
| Crude OR (95% CI)b | Adjusted ORa (95% CI)b | Crude OR (95% CI)b | Adjusted ORa (95% CI)b | |
| Gestational diabetes | 1.15 (1.01–1.27) p < 0.15 | 1.21 (0.82–1.27) p < 0.01 | 2.41 (2.13–3.76) p < 0.15 | 2.23 (0.25–3.96) p < 0.01 |
| Gestational hypertension | 1.57 (1.16–2.07) p < 0.15 | 1.55 (1.32–1.78) p < 0.01 | 1.70 (1.12–2.63) p < 0.15 | 1.68 (0.69–4.16) p < 0.01 |
| Pre-eclampsia | 1.26 (1.15–1.39) p < 0.15 | 1.34 (1.11–1.62) p < 0.01 | 1.44 (1.21–1.67) p < 0.15 | 1.37 (1.13–1.48) p < 0.01 |
| Ablatio placenta | 1.00 (0.63–1.57) p = 0.99 | 1.00 (0.42–1.68) p = 1.00 | 1.00 (0.39–2.64) p = 1.00 | 1.03 (0.91–1.12) p = 0.88 |
| Spontaneous preterm delivery before 34 weeks | 0.86 (0.68–0.98) p < 0.15 | 0.90 (0.75–1.16) p = 0.03 | 1.35 (0.95–1.91) p < 0.15 | 1.33 (1.21–1.49) p = 0.24 |
| Spontaneous late preterm delivery between 34 and 37 weeks of gestation | 0.61 (0.29–1.32) p = 0.20 | 0.82 (0.72–1.08) p = 0.35 | 1.22 (1.10–1.64) p < 0.15 | 1.41 (1.29–1.57) p < 0.01 |
| Prolonged rupture of Membranes |
0.87 (0.85–0.91) p = 0.78 | 0.91 (0.71–1.15) p = 0.81 | 0.83 (0.72–0.95) p = 0.94 | 1.05 (0.72–1.08) p = 0.98 |
| SGA (<10th centile)b | 1.71 (1.44–2.49) p < 0.15 | 1.65 (0.71–3.05) p < 0.01 | 1.63 (1.38–2.11) p < 0.15 | 1.55 (1.41–1.88) p < 0.01 |
| LGA (>90th centile)b | 1.10 (0.93–1.32) p = 0.27 | 1.12 (0.81–1.52) p = 0.35 | 0.68 (0.34–1.37) p = 0.27 | 0.54 (0.50–0.64) p = 0.11 |
| Placenta previa | 1.00 (0.84–1.23) p = 0.95 | 1.05 (0.81–1.15) p = 0.88 | 0.78 (0.66–0.98) p = 0.15 | 1.03 (0.76–1.34) p = 0.25 |
| Post-term pregnancy | 1.05 (0.75–1.54) p = 0.61 | 1.02 (0.74–1.67) p = 0.77 | 0.68 (0.45–1.03) p = 0.21 | 0.54 (0.41–0.67) p = 0.18 |
| Operative vaginal delivery | 0.72 (0.46–1.18) p = 0.19 | 0.68 (0.51–0.88) p = 0.34 | 0.81 (0.72–0.96) p = 0.15 | 0.73 (0.56–0.94) p = 0.33 |
| Cesarean delivery | 1.75 (1.61–1.95) p < 0.15 | 1.87 (1.44–2.25) p < 0.01 | 2.67 (1.90–3.82) p < 0.15 | 2.76 (1.70–4.65) p < 0.01 |
| Low birth weight < 2500 g | 1.23 (1.08–1.41) p < 0.15 | 1.27 (1.14–1.59) p < 0.01 | 1.20 (0.84–1.23) p < 0.15 | 1.19 (1.09–1.35) p < 0.01 |
| First minute APGAR score < 7 | 1.14 (0.91–1.49) p < 0.15 | 1.10 (0.73–1.56) p = 0.08 | 1.27 (0.95–1.71) p < 0.15 | 1.26 (1.01–1.55) p = 0.04 |
| Fifth minute APGAR score < 7 | 0.94 (0.71–1.30) p = 0.74 | 1.00 (0.99–1.05) p = 0.96 | 1.04 (0.95–1.15) p < 0.15 | 1.05 (1.00–1.08) p = 0.04 |
| Neonatal intensive care unit requirement | 1.69 (1.02–2.76) p < 0.15 | 1.68 (1.42–2.15) p < 0.01 | 1.54 (1.13–2.12) p < 0.15 | 1.52 (1.21–1.92) p < 0.01 |
| Neonatal morbidity | 0.93 (0.27–3.10) p = 0.93 | 0.86 (0.70–1.09) p = 0.25 | 1.12 (0.82–1.55) p = 0.48 | 1.09 (0.90–1.33) p = 0.23 |
a Adjusted for gravidity, educational status, consanguinity status and C/S rates
bCI confidence interval, LGA large-for-gestational age, OR odds ratio, SGA small-for-gestational age