Dose-dependent differential effects of genistein on masseter muscle hypernociception. (A) The effects of genistein alone on masseter muscle mechanical hypernociception. *P < 0.05 compared to all other groups. (B) The effects of genistein on E2-induced masseter muscle hypernociception. *P < 0.05, comparison between group E and group C; #P < 0.05, comparison between group F and group C; $P < 0.05, comparison between group H and group C. (C) Schematic graph of genistein effects on E2 and glutamate-evoked masseter muscle hypernociception. From day 0, group B and C received genistein vehicle, and group D, E, F, G, and H received their respective doses of genistein daily for 12 days. From day 2, genistein or its vehicle was injected 2 h earlier for the related groups, and then group B received E2 vehicle and group C, D, E, F, G, and H received 80 μg E2 for 10 days. On day 12, animals in all groups except group A received glutamate injections into the masseter muscles. Head withdrawal thresholds were measured on day −2, −1, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12, and on day 12 head withdrawal thresholds were measured 15 min after glutamate injection. (D) The effects of genistein on E2-potentiated glutamate-evoked masseter muscle hypernociception. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs. group C'; #P < 0.05, vs. group F'; n = 6. OVX, ovariectomy; Gen, genistein; E2, 17β-estradiol; Glu, glutamate.