Fig. 4.

Population frequency of divergent HLA alleles. Correlation between the average Grantham pairwise divergence to the most common alleles and the allele frequency in the USA NMDP European Caucasian (N = 1,242,890), German (N= 39,689), and Polish (N= 20,653) populations, for four classical HLA loci with available allele frequency data in AlleleFrequencies.net. Significant associations that persisted after Bonferroni correction across populations are reported with a solid line, while dashed lines indicate associations that are only nominally significant (P < 0.05 before Bonferroni correction; for exact values see supplementary table S9, Supplementary Material online).