Appendix Table 2.

Standardized school readiness outcomes by neighborhood poverty and alternative specification of family poverty, in 1998 and 2010.

	All neighborhoods		Low poverty neighborhood (0–13.9%)		Moderate-low poverty neighborhood (14–19.9%)		Moderate-high poverty neighborhood (20–39.9%)		High poverty neighborhood (40%+)
	1998	2010	1998	2010	1998	2010	1998	2010	1998	2010
Reading
≤100% FPL	−0.490	−0.382	−0.374	−0.299	−0.529	−0.337	−0.558	−0.425	−0.597	−0.537
100–200% FPL	−0.262	−0.098	−0.188	−0.018	−0.372	−0.138	−0.351	−0.194	−0.371	−0.235
200% plus	0.206	0.318	0.263	0.375	−0.030	0.206	−0.088	0.146	−0.170	−0.133
Math
≤100% FPL	−0.481	−0.441	−0.326	−0.332	−0.510	−0.349	−0.577	−0.514	−0.649	−0.640
100–200% FPL	−0.214	−0.131	−0.117	−0.022	−0.313	−0.133	−0.354	−0.288	−0.479	−0.379
200% plus	0.279	0.346	0.345	0.424	0.015	0.203	−0.053	0.089	−0.370	−0.192
Externalizing
≤100% FPL	0.177	0.180	0.079	0.094	0.204	0.259	0.204	0.217	0.414	0.162
100–200% FPL	0.094	0.075	0.006	0.030	0.191	0.045	0.209	0.208	0.378	−0.146
200% plus	−0.049	−0.081	−0.075	−0.099	0.057	−0.088	0.080	0.023	0.051	0.081
Self-control
≤100% FPL	−0.218	−0.199	−0.105	−0.119	−0.196	−0.248	−0.287	−0.227	−0.442	−0.246
100–200% FPL	−0.066	−0.048	0.034	−0.011	−0.109	−0.023	−0.252	−0.152	−0.381	0.089
200% plus	0.119	0.123	0.145	0.139	0.032	0.082	−0.034	0.087	−0.172	−0.016
Approaches to learning
≤100% FPL	−0.089	−0.037	−0.031	−0.019	−0.124	−0.011	−0.186	−0.113	−0.325	0.127
100–200% FPL	0.159	0.172	0.185	0.175	0.048	0.149	0.039	0.205	0.011	−0.062
200% plus	−0.490	−0.382	−0.374	−0.299	−0.529	−0.337	−0.558	−0.425	−0.597	−0.537

Notes. FPL stands for family poverty line, a threshold calculated by the family’s income relative to the federal poverty threshold in the state in which the child resides.