Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Spine J. 2018 Feb 23;18(10):1741–1754. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2018.02.019

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Study flow diagram. All participants were assigned 18 treatment visits. They received either spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) or light-massage control (LM) at any one visit. Under treatment nonadherence, “medical” refers to health conditions and “personal” refers to life events such as moving away or a new job that that interfered with the participant's ability to attend study visits. “Lost to follow-up” indicates missing data at a single time point only.