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. 2018 Aug 23;50(8):110. doi: 10.1038/s12276-018-0137-7

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — a TFF3 expression after TFF3 silencing. The relative levels of TFF3 mRNA expression at 72 h after siRNA treatment were measured by real-time RT-PCR. The mRNA expression of TFF3 was downregulated by over 90% (***P < 0.001) after silencing TFF3 in both cells. b The western blot analysis shows that cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-9 are increased but that procaspase-3 and procaspase-9 levels did not change after TFF3 silencing. The level of cleaved PARP, another hallmark of programmed cell death, also increased. c, d The immunocytochemistry shows elevated cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-9 (green) levels in TFF3-silenced cells compared with non-silenced cells (400×). Nuclei (blue: Hoechst 33342)