Table 1.

miR-133 and verified target genes involved in cardiac remodeling.

Tissue/cells	miR-133 level	Target gene	Model	References
Cardiomyocytes	Down	RhoA, Cdc42, Nelf-A/WHSC2	Mice and humans with cardiac hypertrophy	Carè et al., 2007
Cardiomyocytes	Down	Cyclin D2	miR-133a double-mutant mouse	Liu et al., 2008
Cardiomyocytes	Down	Caspase-3	Infarcted rats	Xu et al., 2014
Vascular smooth muscle cells	Down	Sp-1	Rats with balloon injury of the right carotid artery	Torella et al., 2011
Cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts	Down	Ctgf	Rats with hypertension-induced heart failure	Duisters et al., 2009; Angelini et al., 2015;Li et al., 2016
Cardiomyocytes	Down	IGF-1	Mouse model of cardiac hypertrophy	Hua et al., 2012
HEK293 cells	Down	IP3RII	Mouse model of cardiac hypertrophy	Drawnel et al., 2012
HEK293 cells	Down	Calcineurin	Rat model of pressure-overload cardiac hypertrophy	Dong et al., 2010
Atrial fibroblasts and atrial tissues	Down	TGF-β	Canine model of atrial fibrosis	Shan et al., 2009
Embryonic fibroblasts	Up	Snai1	Mouse	Muraoka et al., 2014
Cardiac fibroblasts	Down	Collagen 1a1	Rats with cardiac fibrosis induced by angiotensin II	Castoldi et al., 2012
Cardiac fibroblasts	down	FGF1	Mice with diabetic cardiomyopathy	Chen et al., 2014
Mesenchymal stem cells	Transfected	Apaf-1	Infarcted rats	Dakhlallah et al., 2015
Cardiomyocytes	Up	KCNH2	Guinea pig model of As2O3-induced QT prolongation	Shan et al., 2013
Ventricular myocytes	Down	Kcnip2	Adult mouse hearts subjected to pressure overload	Matkovich et al., 2010
Heart/HEK293 cells	Up	HERG	Rabbit model of diabetic cardiomyopathy	Xiao et al., 2011
Cardiac progenitor cells	Up	Bmf and Bim	Mouse	Li R. et al., 2010
Zebrafish heart/cardiomyocytes	Down	Cx43	Zebrafish model with partial heart resection	Yin et al., 2012
Rat ventricular cardiomyocytes	Down	NFATc4	Rats with pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy	Li Q. et al., 2010
C2C12 myoblasts	Transfected	FGFR1 and PP2AC	C2C12 cell lines	Feng et al., 2013