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. 2018 Aug 17;12:561. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00561

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Copyright © 2018 Asano, Igarashi, Ishizuka and Yawo.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Organelle optogenetics. In the present study, the endoplasmic reticulum/sarcoplasmic reticulum (ER/SR)-targeted channelrhodopsin, ChRGR_ER was selectively expressed in the ER/SR membrane. The light absorption by this molecule triggers release of Ca²⁺ from the intracellular store, which activates various Ca²⁺ signaling cascades such as calcium-induced calcium release (CICR) or store-operated calcium entry (SOCE). Nav1, voltage-dependent sodium channel 1; VDCC, voltage-dependent calcium channel; NCX, Na⁺-Ca²⁺ exchanger; RyR, ryanodine receptor; IP₃R, IP₃ receptor; SERCA, sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺-ATPase.