Table 3. Results summary.

			RCTs		Observational
			Number	Results	Number	Results
ACR
Monotherapy
MTF        vs     ACA			1	Favours ACA	0
MTF        vs     SU			0		1	No difference
MTF        vs     TZD			2	Both favour TZD	1	No difference
SU         vs     SGLT			1	Favours SGLT	0
SU         vs     TZD			2	Both no difference	0
Dual therapy
MTF+SU      vs      MTF+DPP4i			0		1	No difference
MTF+TZD      vs     MTF+SU			1	Favours MTF+TZD	0
SU+TZD       vs     SU+MTF			1	Favours SU+TZD	0
eGFR
Monotherapy
MTF        vs     ACA			1	No difference	0
MTF        vs     SU			0		1	Favours MTF
MTF        vs     TZD			1	Favours TZD	1	No difference
SU         vs     SGLT			1	Favours SGLT	0
SU         vs     TZD			1	Favours TZD	0
KIDNEY OUTCOMES
Monotherapy
MTF        vs     DPP4i			0		1	Favours MTF
MTF        vs     SU			0		4	3 favour MTF, 1 favours SU
MTF        vs     TZD			0		2	1 no difference, 1 favours MTF
SU        vs    DPP4i			0		1	No difference
Mono vs. dual therapy
MTF        vs    MTF+DPP4i			0		1	No difference
MTF        vs    MTF+SU			0		2	1 favours MTF, 1 favours MTF+SU
MTF        vs    MTF+TZD			0		1	No difference
MTF        vs    SU+DPP4i			0		1	Favours MTF
MTF        vs    SU+TZD			0		1	Favours MTF
SU         vs    MTF+SU			0		1	No difference

Abbreviations: ACR: Albumin: Creatinine Ratio, eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate, MTF: metformin, SU: sulfonylurea, TZD: Thiazolidinedione, DPP4i: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, ACA: acarbose, , EXE: Exenatide. SGLT: SGLT2i, GLP1: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor anonist, IPW: Inverse Probability Weight, FU: Follow-up, SD: Standard deviation, ARF: Acute Renal Failure, CKD: Chronic Kidney Disease, IQR: Inter Quartile Range, p-yr: person-years, NR: Not reported, DB: Database, KDIGO: Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes. One further comparison not included here. Hung et al. 2012, as two studies by Hung et al. reported similar comparison using similar data