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. 2018 Aug;13(8):1368–1374. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.235249

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Effects of AGE-BSA on incidence of NTDs in C57BL/6 mice.

After feeding for 4 weeks with food containing AGE-BSA, C57BL/6 mice displayed significantly higher incidence of NTDs compared with control (fed with normal commercial food) mice (††P < 0.01, vs. control). VitE could decrease, but not recover all, NTDs in diabetic and AGE-BSA mice (##P < 0.01, vs. AGE-BSA/VitE). Data are expressed as the mean ± SD (n = 6; one-way analysis of variance followed by least significant difference test). Control group: Female mice were fed with normal commercial food; D group: Diabetes was induced in female mice. D/VitE group: Diabetic female mice were fed with 0.125% (w/w) VitE at day 0.5 of gestation. AGE-BSA group: Female mice were fed with commercial food containing 3% AGE-BSA. AGE-BSA/VitE group: Female mice were fed with 3% AGE-BSA for 4 weeks and then with 0.125% (w w) VitE at day 0.5 of gestation. BSA group: Female mice were fed with commercial food containing 3% BSA. BSA/VitE group: Female mice were fed with 3% BSA for 4 weeks and then with 0.125% (w/w) VitE at day 0.5 of gestation. AGEs: Advanced glycation end products; BSA: bovine serum albumin; AGE-BSA: advanced glycation end product bovine serum albumin; VitE: vitamin E; NTDs: neural tube defects.