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DA concentrations in the VTA of rats treated with saline (Ctrl), 20% ethanol (E), 30 mg/kg ketamine (K30), 60 mg/kg ketamine (K60), 30 mg/kg ketamine with 20% ethanol (K30+E), and 60 mg/kg ketamine with 20% ethanol (K60+E).
Notes: A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. **p < 0.005, *p < 0.05 compared to the saline control (ctrl). Data were presented as mean ± SEM, N = 6 per group.
Abbreviations: SEM, standard error of the mean; VTA, ventral tegmental area; DA, dopamine.
