Table 3.

Correlates of depression status in multinomial logistic regression

	Subthreshold depression				Major depression
	RRR (95% CI)	S.E.	t statistic	p	RRR (95% CI)	S.E.	t statistic	p
Age in years	.99 (.96, 1.01)	.01	−.89	.375	.93 (.90, .96)	.01	−5.12	<.001
Sex
Female	Reference				Reference
Male	1.60 (1.04, 2.50)	.34	2.19	.032	2.89 (1.40, 5.94)	1.04	2.95	.005
Race/ethnicity
Non-Hispanic white	Reference				Reference
Non-Hispanic black	.96 (.58, 1.58)	.24	−.18	.859	1.08 (.50, 2.35)	.42	.20	.841
Non-Hispanic Asian or other	2.56 (.88, 7.47)	1.37	1.76	.083	1.51 (.24, 9.38)	1.38	.46	.650
Hispanic	2.14 (1.03, 4.44)	.78	2.09	.041	1.32 (.47, 3.72)	.68	.53	.597
Education attainment
Less than high school	Reference				Reference
High school	.51 (.31, .85)	.13	−2.62	.011	.34 (.14, .86)	.16	−2.34	.023
Some college	.65 (.35, 1.22)	.26	−1.38	.175	.94 (.36, 2.45)	.45	−.12	.904
College graduate or higher	.49 (.24, 1.01)	.18	−1.99	.052	.37 (.10, 1.44)	.25	−1.47	.149
Household net worth
1st quartile	Reference				Reference
2nd quartile	1.10 (.68, 1.77)	.26	.38	.703	.80 (.36, 1.81)	.33	−.54	.591
3rd quartile	.89 (.50, 1.60)	.26	−.40	.689	.35 (.11, 1.18)	.21	−1.73	.089
4th quartile	.76 (.35, 1.66)	.30	−.70	.487	.33 (.13, .85)	.15	−2.36	.022
Medicaid beneficiaries
No	Reference				Reference
Yes	.95 (.58, 1.57)	.24	−.20	.840	.36 (.17, .78)	.14	−2.64	.011
Problems with pain
No pain	Reference				Reference
Mild pain	2.52 (1.32, 4.79)	.81	2.88	.006	4.44 (1.28, 15.39)	2.75	2.40	.020
Moderate/severe pain	2.40 (1.52, 3.78)	.55	3.83	<.001	6.95 (3.40, 14.24)	2.50	5.42	<.001
Count of ADL and IADL limitations	1.08 (.99, 1.17)	.05	1.67	.101	1.19 (1.03, 1.37)	.08	2.47	.017

Note. Valid sample size = 786. RRR=relative risk ratio. ADL=activities of daily living. IADL=instrumental activities of daily living. Count of ADL and IADL were combined to reduce collinearity. Reference category for multinomial logistic regression was people without subthreshold depression or major depression. Results were weighted to adjust for the complex sample design of HRS. Final model presented in this table was constructed based on the purposeful selection of covariates described in Bursac et al.²⁶