Table 4.
Medication for anxiety or depression | Psychiatric/Psychological treatment | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||||||
OR (95% CI) | S.E. | t statistic | p | OR (95% CI) | S.E. | t statistic | p | |
Depression status | ||||||||
Not depressed | Reference | Reference | ||||||
Subthreshold depression | 1.83 (1.16, 2.90) | .42 | 2.63 | .011 | 2.80 (1.29, 6.08) | 1.09 | 2.66 | .010 |
Major depression | 5.33 (2.82, 10.06) | 1.69 | 5.27 | <.001 | 5.11 (2.26, 11.56) | 2.08 | 4.01 | <.001 |
Age in years | .97 (.95, .99) | .01 | −3.21 | .002 | .94 (.90, .97) | .02 | −3.63 | .001 |
Race/ethnicity | ||||||||
Non-Hispanic white | Reference | - | - | - | ||||
Non-Hispanic black | .45 (.26, .78) | .12 | −2.91 | .005 | - | - | - | |
Non-Hispanic Asian or other | .38 (1.17, 1.25) | .23 | −1.62 | .110 | - | - | - | |
Hispanic | .84 (.50, 1.40) | .21 | −.69 | .495 | - | - | - | |
Household net worth | ||||||||
1st quartile | - | - | - | Reference | ||||
2nd quartile | - | - | - | .34 (.14, .81) | .15 | −2.49 | .016 | |
3rd quartile | - | - | - | .64 (.25, 1.64) | .30 | −.94 | .350 | |
4th quartile | - | - | - | .96 (.39, 2.38) | .44 | −.09 | .929 | |
Cognitive impairment | 1.96 (1.40, 2.75) | .33 | 3.98 | <.001 | - | - | - | |
Problems with pain | ||||||||
No pain | Reference | Reference | ||||||
Mild pain | 1.83 (.95, 3.55) | .61 | 1.83 | .072 | 2.69 (1.09, 6.64) | 1.21 | 2.19 | .033 |
Moderate/severe pain | 1.61 (.94, 2.76) | .43 | 1.78 | .080 | 1.62 (.65, 4.02) | .73 | 1.07 | .291 |
Note. Valid N =773 for the model predicting medication use and N=808 for the model predicting psychiatric/psychological treatment. OR=odds ratio. Covariates with empty cells were not included in the corresponding regression model. Final models presented in this table were constructed based on the purposeful selection of covariates described in Bursac et al.26 Results were weighted to adjust for the complex sample design of HRS. (Valid N=773)