Table 2.
Summary of currently open and recruiting mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based immunotherapy studies for glioma
| MSC source (species) | Tumour type (species) | Route of administration | Experimental animal | Immunomodulatory gene | Year | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bone marrow (rat) | 9 L (rat) | Intra-tumoural/contralateral | Fischer rat | IL-2 | 2004 | [48] |
| Bone marrow (rat) | N32 (rat) | Intra-tumoural | Fischer rat | IL-7 | 2010 | [50] |
| Bone marrow (human) | U87 (human) | Intra-tumoural/intra-carotid | Nude mice | IFN-β | 2005 | [45] |
| Bone marrow (rat) | C6 (rat) | Intra-tumoural | Spraguee-Dawley rat | IL-18 | 2009 | [49] |
| Umbilical cord blood (human) | GL26 (mouse) | Contralateral/ipsilateral | C57BI/6 mice | IL-12 | 2011 | [51] |
| Umbilical cord blood (human) | U87 (human) | Intra-tumoural/contralateral | Nude mice | TRAIL | 2008 | [71] |
IFN interferon, IL interleukin, TRAIL tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand