SAA stimulates NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent IL-1β secretion in macrophages.
A, J774 cells were incubated with ±50 μg/ml of mouse SAA for 8 h prior to quantification of NLRP3 mRNA by qRT-PCR. B, J774 cells were incubated ±50 μg/ml of mouse SAA for 24 h and activation of caspase-1 was determined by immunoblot analysis; the migration of procaspase-1 (p49) and the active capase-1 (p20) cleavage product is indicated. C, IL-1β levels in conditioned media from J774 cells incubated for 24 h ±5 μg/ml of mouse SAA in the presence of varying concentrations of a caspase-1-specific inhibitor (Z-YVAD-fmk) were determined by ELISA. D, IL-1β levels in conditioned media from bone marrow–derived macrophages isolated from either WT or NLRP3-deficient (NLRP3−/−) mice treated ±5 μg/ml of mouse SAA for 24 h were determined by ELISA. Data are presented as mean ± S.E. ***, p < 0.001. Data that are significantly different (p > 0.05) are indicated with different letters.