(A) CMϕ (N=12) were pre-treated with the ROCK1/2 inhibitor Y27632 for 1hr followed by incubation with Ctrl (N=5) or SLE HDL (N=7) for 30min. Quantified DNA/ATF3 cellular localization in CMϕ. (B) IL-6 and (C) TNF supernatant protein levels in CMϕ pre-treated with Y27632 before overnight culture with HDL. (D) Proposed signaling pathways in SLE HDL-induced inflammation. Bar graphs mean ± SEM, * p<0.02, ** p<0.04, *** p<0.0004, **** p<0.0001, ns =non-significant.