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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: JACC Clin Electrophysiol. 2018 Jun 27;4(8):1106–1114. doi: 10.1016/j.jacep.2018.05.003

Figure 4.

Figure 4

The relationship between LVNA and IVC-IAGPNA during VNS 1.1 min OFF in a canine with persistent AF. Both LVNA and RVNA were activated when LL-VNS was on, but the change in RVNA was not as dramatic as LVNA. IVC-IAGP co-activated with LL-VNS and continued to discharge after LL-VNS terminated. Also, VR deceleration immediately occurred after LL-VNS terminated and appears to correlate with the continued elevation in IVC-IAGPNA. The arrows indicate the event of significant nerve discharge. The ECG is obtained from the electrodes that were placed on the vagal nerve. The red circles on top of each ECG are markers indicating the peak of the QRS complexes recognized by the computer. The times of those red circles were used for RR interval calculations.