Immunoblots of caspases, calpains, and their substrates in RPE cells cultured under hypoxia with inhibitors. (Lane 1) normal, (lane 2) 1-day hypoxia/1-day reoxygenation, (lane 3) 1-day hypoxia/1-day reoxygenation + 10 μM SNJ-1945, (lane 4) 1-day hypoxia/1-day reoxygenation + 100 μM SNJ-1945, (lane 5) 1-day hypoxia/1-day reoxygenation + 100 μM z-VAD, and (lane 6) 1-day hypoxia/1-day reoxygenation + 100 μM SNJ-1945 + 100 μM z-VAD. (A) Caspase-3, (B) caspase-7, (C) caspase-9, (D) calpain 1, (E) calpain 2, (F) PARP, (G) α-spectrin, (H) RPE cell marker cytokeratin-18, and (I) β-actin. The bar graphs show the densities of bands for the (J) α-spectrin 145-kDa fragment and the (K) intact band of CK-18 normalized to β-actin. The data are expressed as means ± SEM (n = 5). *P < 0.05, all relative to the 2-day hypoxia/reoxygenation group (Dunnett's t-test).