Table 1.
Participants’ general and health behavior-related characteristics per body image discordance group (N = 59,361).
| Characteristics | Total | Discordance between body mass index and body image | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Concordance | Discordance | ||||||||
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| Under-estimation | Over-estimation | ||||||||
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| N | % (SE) | n | % (SE) | n | % (SE) | n | % (SE) | ||
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| 59,361 | - | 33,864 | 56.9 (0.2) | 21,262 | 36.0 (0.2) | 4,235 | 7.1 (0.1) | ||
| Gender | Men | 28,100 | 52.1 (0.2) | 12,559 | 46.2 (0.3) | 15,243 | 52.7 (0.3) | 298 | 1.1 (0.1) |
| Women | 31,261 | 47.9 (0.2) | 21,305 | 68.4 (0.3) | 6,019 | 17.8 (0.2) | 3,937 | 13.8 (0.2) | |
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| Age (y) | 19–29 | 25,313 | 48.0 (0.2) | 15,554 | 61.0 (0.3) | 7,317 | 29.8 (0.3) | 2,442 | 9.2 (0.2) |
| 30–39 | 34,048 | 52.0 (0.2) | 18,310 | 53.0 (0.3) | 13,945 | 41.7 (0.3) | 1,793 | 5.2 (0.1) | |
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| Education level | ≤ High school | 14,696 | 21.6 (0.2) | 8,012 | 54.1 (0.5) | 5,789 | 39.6 (0.5) | 895 | 6.3 (0.2) |
| ≥ College | 44,665 | 78.4 (0.2) | 25,852 | 57.6 (0.3) | 15,473 | 35.0 (0.3) | 3,340 | 7.4 (0.1) | |
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| Marital status | Married | 29,401 | 44.4 (0.2) | 16,002 | 53.5 (0.3) | 11,727 | 40.7 (0.3) | 1,672 | 5.7 (0.2) |
| Single | 29,960 | 55.6 (0.2) | 17,862 | 59.5 (0.3) | 9,535 | 32.2 (0.3) | 2,563 | 8.3 (0.2) | |
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| Employment status | Employed | 38,760 | 64.6 (0.2) | 20,793 | 53.6 (0.3) | 15,541 | 40.1 (0.3) | 2,426 | 6.3 (0.1) |
| Unemployed | 20,601 | 35.4 (0.2) | 13,071 | 62.8 (0.4) | 5,721 | 28.4 (0.4) | 1,809 | 8.8 (0.2) | |
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| Smoking status | Currently smoking | 14,380 | 25.3 (0.2) | 6,469 | 45.8 (0.5) | 7,616 | 52.1 (0.5) | 295 | 2.1 (0.1) |
| Ex-smoker | 5,091 | 9.2 (0.2) | 2,237 | 44.7 (0.8) | 2,740 | 53.0 (0.8) | 114 | 2.3 (0.2) | |
| Non-smoker | 39,890 | 65.5 (0.2) | 25,158 | 62.8 (0.3) | 10,906 | 27.3 (0.3) | 3,826 | 9.8 (0.2) | |
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| Alcohol consumption | Currently drinking | 50,818 | 87.3 (0.2) | 28,747 | 56.5 (0.2) | 18,683 | 36.8 (0.2) | 3,388 | 6.7 (0.1) |
| Ex-drinker | 4,824 | 7.5 (0.2) | 2,872 | 58.4 (0.8) | 1,484 | 31.3 (0.8) | 468 | 10.3 (0.5) | |
| Non-drinker | 3,719 | 5.2 (0.2) | 2,245 | 60.6 (1.0) | 1,095 | 29.1 (0.9) | 379 | 10.3 (0.6) | |
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| Breakfast consumption (d/wk) | ≤ 4 | 29,789 | 52.1 (0.2) | 17,010 | 56.8 (0.3) | 10,605 | 36.0 (0.3) | 2,174 | 7.2 (0.2) |
| ≥ 5 | 29,572 | 47.9 (0.2) | 16,854 | 56.9 (0.3) | 10,657 | 36.0 (0.3) | 2,061 | 7.1 (0.2) | |
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| Sleep duration (h/d) | ≤ 5 | 6,719 | 12.2 (0.2) | 3,701 | 55.0 (0.7) | 2,586 | 38.7 (0.7) | 432 | 6.3 (0.3) |
| 6–8 | 49,721 | 83.2 (0.2) | 28,311 | 56.7 (0.2) | 17,880 | 36.1 (0.2) | 3,530 | 7.2 (0.1) | |
| ≥ 9 | 2,921 | 4.6 (0.2) | 1,852 | 64.1 (1.0) | 796 | 26.5 (0.9) | 273 | 9.4 (0.6) | |
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| Perception of stress | Yes | 18,783 | 32.4 (0.2) | 10,628 | 56.3 (0.4) | 6,820 | 36.6 (0.4) | 1,335 | 7.1 (0.2) |
| No | 40,578 | 67.6 (0.2) | 23,236 | 57.1 (0.3) | 14,442 | 35.7 (0.3) | 2,900 | 7.2 (0.1) | |
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| Perception of depression | Yes | 3,540 | 6.1 (0.2) | 2,164 | 59.7 (0.9) | 1,054 | 30.5 (0.9) | 322 | 9.7 (0.6) |
| No | 55,821 | 93.9 (0.2) | 31,700 | 56.7 (0.2) | 20,208 | 36.3 (0.2) | 3,913 | 7.0 (0.1) | |
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| Perceived health status | Good | 32,060 | 54.4 (0.2) | 18,317 | 57.1 (0.3) | 11,584 | 36.2 (0.3) | 2,159 | 6.7 (0.2) |
| Average | 24,233 | 40.6 (0.2) | 13,723 | 56.1 (0.4) | 8,683 | 36.2 (0.3) | 1,827 | 7.7 (0.2) | |
| Poor | 3,068 | 5.0 (0.2) | 1,824 | 60.6 (1.0) | 995 | 31.2 (0.9) | 249 | 8.2 (0.6) | |
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| Physical activity | Yes | 23,803 | 43.8 (0.2) | 13,576 | 56.9 (0.4) | 8,544 | 36.1 (0.4) | 1,683 | 7.0 (0.2) |
| No | 35,558 | 56.2 (0.2) | 20,288 | 56.8 (0.3) | 12,718 | 35.9 (0.3) | 2,552 | 7.3 (0.2) | |
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| Weight control behavior | Yes | 42,077 | 72.0 (0.2) | 23,553 | 55.5 (0.3) | 16,140 | 38.7 (0.3) | 2,384 | 5.8 (0.1) |
| No | 17,284 | 28.0 (0.2) | 10,311 | 60.3 (0.4) | 5,122 | 29.0 (0.4) | 1,851 | 10.7 (0.3) | |
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| Body mass index (kg/m2) | Underweight | 5,046 | 8.6 (0.1) | 937 | 18.9 (0.6) | 0 | 0 | 4,109 | 81.1 (0.6) |
| Normal weight | 30,031 | 50.7 (0.2) | 29,175 | 96.9 (0.1) | 730 | 2.7 (0.1) | 126 | 0.4 (0.0) | |
| Obese | 24,284 | 40.7 (0.2) | 3,752 | 15.0 (0.3) | 20,532 | 85.0 (0.3) | 0 | 0 | |
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| Body image | Slender | 1,680 | 3.0 (0.1) | 937 | 54.2 (1.4) | 743 | 45.8 (1.4) | 0 | 0 |
| Average | 53,798 | 90.7 (0.1) | 29,175 | 54.2 (0.2) | 20,519 | 38.2 (0.2) | 4,104 | 7.7 (0.1) | |
| Obese | 3,883 | 6.3 (0.1) | 3,752 | 96.8 (0.3) | 0 | 0 | 131 | 3.2 (0.3) | |
All percentages were weighted to represent the total population of the 2014 Community Health Survey.
SE = standard error.