Fig 13.

(A) Average cell density of the bioreactor design that provides oxygen by diffusion through the wall and central capillary using 0.5 mm pellets with different bioreactor geometries with the same reactor volume and surface area as a R₁ = 2.5 and L = 12 cm bioreactor with a flow rate of 30 ml/hr. (B) Average cell density of the bioreactor providing oxygen through the wall and central capillary at different flow rate rates. (C) Shear stresses of different pellet size and different flow rates. (D) Shear stresses of different bioreactor geometries and flow rate.