Table 1. Model parameters and values used in model, * denotes measured values.

Parameter	Description	Value	Units	Ref
Bioreactor Parameters
R1	Inner wall radius	0.75	cm	*
R2	Outer wall radius	1.25	cm	*
L	Scaffold length	7.5	cm	*
	Growth area of scaffold	158.8	cm2	*
	Scaffold volume	13.25	cm3
ε	Voidage	0.47	-	*
Φ	Porosity	0.47	-	*
A	Surface area to volume ratio of the scaffold	12.013	cm-1	*
N	Number of particles per volume of packed bed	36	cm-3	*
dp	Particle diameter (equivalent to a sphere)	0.304	cm	*
Q	Medium flow rate	0.208	cm3/h	*
Wall Properties
SPDMS	Solubility of oxygen in PDMS	1.3	mM	[36]
DPDMS	Oxygen diffusion coefficient in PDMS	5x10-5	cm2/s	[23]
Fluid Properties
Sm	Solubility of oxygen in medium	0.2	mM	*
Cin,G	Initial glucose concentration	4.81	mM	*
Cin,L	Initial lactate concentration	1.63	mM	*
Dm,O	Oxygen diffusion coefficient in medium	3.290x10-5	cm2/s	[23]
Dm,G	Glucose diffusion coefficient in medium	5.4x10-6	cm2/s	[37]
Dm,L	Lactate diffusion coefficient in medium	1.1x10-5	cm2/s	[38]
ρ	Density of water @ 37°C	0.9933	g/cm3	[35]
μ	Viscosity of water @ 37°C	0.00692	kg/(m•s)	[35]
Cell Properties
Nmax	Maximum cell density	23,000	cells/cm2	*
Ni	Initial cell value	12013	cells/cm3	*
DN	Diffusion coefficient for cell movement	1.38x10-10	cm2/s	[39]
Vmax,O	Maximum uptake rate of oxygen	100	fmol/h/cell	[40]
Vmax,G	Maximum uptake rate of glucose	272	fmol/h/cell	[40]
YL/G	Yield of lactate from glucose	2.0	-	[15]
Km,O	Michaelis-Menten constant for oxygen uptake	4.05x10-9	mol/cm3	[41]
Km,G	Michaelis-Menten constant for glucose uptake	3.5x10-7	mol/cm3	[42]
Kmax	Max growth rate	0.02631	hr-1	*
KO	Oxygen Michaelis-Menten growth constant	0.001	mM	[43]
KG	Glucose Michaelis-Menten growth constant	0.006	mM	[43]
KL	Lactate Michaelis-Menten growth constant	43	mM	[15]