Fig 2. Requirements of TUDCA throughout in vitro culture.

(A) After IVM and IVF, fertilized oocytes were subjected to in vitro culture for up to 96 h. During embryo culture, 1000 μM TUDCA was added at specific time periods: 0–24 h, 24–96 h, 0–96 h (N>70, respectively). Even the first treatment of TUDCA 24 h after IVF improved subsequent development. The developmental rates of each experimental group were quantified (B). Scale bar = 50 μm.