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. 2018 Aug 27;8:12857. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-31308-6

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Task sequence and behavioral results from the fMRI experiment. (a) Task sequence. A cue indicating the condition of the current trial was presented for 1 s, followed by a fixation duration between 2 and 6 s (mean = 4 s). Two choice options were then presented vertically on the left and the right sides for 5 s. Inter-trial interval was between 2 and 6 s (mean = 4 s). The numeric structure of the options and the instructions were all identical to those in the behavioral experiment. (b) The maximin weights (α) estimated from participants’ choices in the Self and Other conditions. The asterisks indicate that both were significantly different from zero (***P < 0.001). (c) Eye tracking results. Because the size of the MRI monitor was not large enough to adequately separate the individual monetary outcomes, gaze durations on the two options were analyzed here. In the Self condition, participants looked more at the option with larger minimum amount (*P < 0.05), but such attentional bias was not observed in the Other condition. (d) Correlation between the participants’ self-reported empathic-concern scores and the difference between the maximin weights (α) in the Self and Other conditions.