Table 3.
Overview of all meta-analysis outcomes
| Outcome | LAMA/LABA versus TIO results (95% CI) † | |
|---|---|---|
| 12 weeks | ||
| FEV1 trough; ΔCFB (mL) | 62.96 (39.16; 86.75)** | |
| FEV1 peak; ΔCFB (mL) | 91.45 (70.48; 112.41)** | |
| FEV1 AUC; ΔCFB (mL) | 126.75 (108.13; 145.37)** | |
| SGRQ responder rate; risk ratio | 1.19 (1.09; 1.28)** | |
| SGRQ total score; ΔCFB | −1.87 (−2.72; −1.02)** | |
| RMU; ΔCFB (puffs/day) | N/A | |
| AEs; risk ratio | N/A | |
| SAEs; risk ratio | N/A | |
| 24 weeks | ||
| FEV1 trough; ΔCFB (mL) | 66.10 (39.95; 92.25)** | |
| FEV1 peak; ΔCFB (mL) | 92.41 (72.94; 111.88)** | |
| FEV1 AUC; ΔCFB (mL) | N/A | |
| SGRQ responder rate; risk ratio | 1.05 (0.97; 1.14) | |
| SGRQ total score; ΔCFB | −1.05 (−2.02; −0.09)* | |
| RMU; ΔCFB (puffs/day) | −0.47 (−0.64; −0.30)** | |
| AEs; risk ratio | 1.05 (0.98; 1.13) | |
| Exploratory analyses | 1.03 (0.99; 1.07)‡ | |
| SAEs; risk ratio | 1.10 (0.81; 1.47) | |
| Exploratory analyses | 1.02 (0.87; 1.20)‡ |
AE adverse event, AUC area under curve, ΔCFB difference in change from baseline; CI confidence interval, FEV 1 forced expiratory volume in 1 s, LABA long-acting beta agonist, LAMA long-acting muscarinic antagonist, N/A not applicable, RMU rescue medication use, SAE serious adverse event, SGRQ St Georges Respiratory Questionnaire, TIO tiotropium
* p < 0.05 **p < 0.01 †Results are shown for either the fixed effect model (p-value for heterogeneity test is ≥0.05) or the random effects model (p-value for heterogeneity test is <0.05) ‡Exploratory analysis including TONADO 1 and TONADO 2 at 52 weeks