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. 2018 Aug 21;9:1951. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01951

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Copyright © 2018 Martins, Martins and Santos.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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LDs as platform for DENV assembly. LDs (1) at the ER-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC), ARF1 and its guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) GBF1, together with COPI, deliver adipose triacylglycerol lipase (ATGL) and ADRP (perilipin 2) from ER export sites (ERES) to the surface of LDs. DENV subverts this process for the transportation of the C protein to LDs surface. (2) The accumulation of DENV C on LDs depends on perilipin 3 and intracellular K⁺ concentration. (3) Replicated viral genomes are released through the vesicle pore and then engaged into nucleocapsids that bud through the ER membrane in close proximity. (4) DENV C can be released from LDs to the cytosol or other cellular compartments for subsequent viral assembly (gray-dashed frame and enlarged panel). (5) Packed virions accumulate within the lumen of the vesicle packets-containing ER network before being transported to the Golgi (adapted from Zhang et al., 2017).