Table 3. Study population.

Patient characteristics at T0	A group			A+D group			Total
	n = 45	%	Mean (SD)	n = 42	%	Mean (SD)	n = 87	%	Mean (SD)
Age	45		59.3 (10.8)	42		65.1 (13.0)	87		62.1 (12.2)
Women	27	60.0		22	52.4		46	56.3
School leaving certificate from secondary school (9 years of education)*1	20	44.4		20	47.6		44	46.0
Economically active	23	51.1		18	42.9		41	47.1
PAM13-D score 0–100*2	44		88.1 (8.4)	42		88.4 (8.4)	86		88.2 (8.1)
EQ-VAS score 0–100*3	42		68.0 (19.6)	42		67.3 (16.6)	84		67.6 (18.1)
CVR score 0–51 %*4	45		14.6 (14.8)	42		20.6 (17.1)	87		17.5 (16.1)
Smoker	11	24.1		9	21.4		20	23.0
Arteriosclerosis	5	11.1		6	14.3		11	12.6
Positive family history	21	46.7		17	40.5		38	43.7
Antihypertensive medication	26	57.8		31	73.8		57	65.5
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	45		130.9 (16.6)	42		134.7 (17.2)	87		132.7 (16.9)
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	45		221.7 (48.6)	42		213.5 (50.3)	87		217.8 (49.3)
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)	45		56.4 (16.9)	42		55.5 (16.8)	87		55.9 (16.8)
Diabetes mellitus	16	35.6		14	33.3		30	34.5
HbA1c %	16		6.44 (1.26)	14		6.49 (0.65)	30		6.46 (0.97)

CVR score, cardiovascular risk score; EQ-VAS, European quality of life—visual analogue scale (subjective health status); HbA_1c. hemoglobin A;

HDL cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; n, number; PAM13-D, German version of Patient Activation Measure questionnaire;

SD, standard deviation; T0, time point of inclusion in study (baseline)

*¹ Highest school leaving certificate: secondary school (9 years of education); secondary school (10 years of education); higher education entrance qualification (12–13 years of education); university/technical college degree

*² PAM13-D scores from 0 (lowest level of patient activation) to 100 (highest level of patient activation)

*³ EQ-VAS scores from 0 (worst health) to 100 (best health)

*⁴ CVR scores from 0% (lowest risk) to 51% (highest calculated risk; manifest arteriosclerosis)