Table 4.
Antimicrobial activity of ethanol extracts of the investigated plants.
| Test organism | Plant | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diameter of the inhibition zone (mm) |
||||||||
| Calendula triptero-carpa | Centarea sinaica | Centarea pseudo-sinaica | Koelpinia linearis | Plectran-thus arabicus | Plectran-thus asirensis | Tripleuro-spermum auriculatum | Standard antibiotic | |
|
Bacteria Gram negative |
Gentamycin | |||||||
| Escherichia coli | 24.2 ± 0.13 | 17.4 ± 0.17 | 23.6 ± 0.19 | 17.2 ± 0.33 | 22.9 ± 0.25 | 20.4 ± 0.25 | 24.3 ± 0.58 | 25.9 ± 0.3 |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | 15.3 ± 0.14 | 24.8 ± 0.03 | 17.6 ± 0.29 | 15.1 ± 0.44 | 41.8 ± 0.23 | 27.7 ± 0.25 | 16.1 ± 0.35 | 32.3 ± 0.15 |
| Proteous vulgaris | 14.8 ± 0.13 | 21.2 ± 0.14 | 16.1 ± 0.26 | 13.4 ± 0.13 | 28.9 ± 0.44 | 24.9 ± 0.44 | 17.2 ± 0.12 | 26.3 ± 0.3 |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 21.7 ± 0.36 | 16.3 ± 0.32 | 18.3 ± 0.25 | 12.2 ± 0.32 | 18.3 ± 0.32 | 11.7 ± 0.43 | 19.1 ± 0.32 | 23.3 ± 0.1 |
| Salmonella typhimurium | 17.2 ± 0.16 | 19.4 ± 0.14 | 11.9 ± 0.17 | 19.7 ± 0.57 | 29.6 ± 0.44 | 21.4 ± 0.39 | 14.1 ± 0.22 | 33.6 ± 0.15 |
| Gram positive | Ampicillin | |||||||
| Bacillus subtilis | 14.4 ± 0.19 | 25.2 ± 0.27 | 35.8 ± 0.58 | 23.4 ± 0.53 | 31.6 ± 0.63 | 29.7 ± 0.63 | 39.7 ± 0.25 | 38.4 ± 0.3 |
| Staphylococcus epidermidis | 12.1 ± 0.19 | 17.7 ± 0.26 | 25.5 ± 0.44 | 21.0 ± 0.43 | 32.7 ± 0.25 | 26.2 ± 0.55 | 14.1 ± 0.24 | 31.2 ± 0.18 |
| Streptococcus mutans | 31.0 ± 0.53 | 15.7 ± 0.36 | 19.5 ± 0.64 | 19.0 ± 1.14 | 23.3 ± 0.44 | 28.4 ± 0.58 | 15.8 ± 0.14 | 34.3 ± 0.32 |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | 10.8 ± 1.21 | 22.7 ± 0.36 | 25.5 ± 0.44 | 20.0 ± 0.32 | 26.3 ± 0.17 | 25.6 ± 0.44 | 26.6 ± 0.34 | 29.8 ± 0.2 |
| Streptococcus pyogenes | 13.4 ± 0.13 | 16.2 ± 0.23 | 34.7 ± 0.51 | 23.4 ± 0.21 | 27.6 ± 0.36 | 22.3 ± 0.25 | 19.2 ± 0.21 | 32.4 ± 0.31 |
| Fungi | Amphotericin B | |||||||
| Aspergillus fumigatus | 21.7 ± 0.36 | 22.8 ± 0.39 | 28.3 ± 0.15 | 17.3 ± 0.34 | 27.3 ± 0.39 | 26.4 ± 0.39 | 29.9 ± 0.63 | 29.7 ± 1.11 |
| Candida albicans | 19.3 ± 0.13 | 21.9 ± 0.43 | 29.5 ± 0.32 | 14.1 ± 1.21 | 27.6 ± 0.58 | 25.1 ± 0.23 | 34.6 ± 0.34 | 31.4 ± 0.38 |
| Candida tropicalis | 26.6 ± 0.54 | 22.7 ± 0.33 | 28.4 ± 0.36 | 17.6 ± 0.58 | 26.4 ± 0.53 | 21.6 ± 1.31 | 30.6 ± 0.26 | 28.2 ± 0.34 |
| Geotricum candidum | 23.3 ± 0.48 | 25.6 ± 0.19 | 31.8 ± 0.68 | 20.3 ± 0.38 | 28.6 ± 0.58 | 27.4 ± 1.28 | 35.9 ± 1.15 | 34.7 ± 0.27 |
| Syncephalastrum racemosum | 17.2 ± 0.33 | 19.4 ± 0.58 | 22.5 ± 0.27 | 18.1 ± 1.25 | 20.2 ± 0.16 | 17.3 ± 0.58 | 24.6 ± 1.27 | 25.7 ± 0.12 |