TABLE 5.
Diagnostic accuracy assessment of the respiratory rate and oxygen saturation clinical prediction rules for the diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia among 500 seriously ill HIV-infected participants presenting with a cough of any duration and one or more World Health Organization danger signs.
| Total score | Number with score | Probability of PJP | Sensitivity | Specificity | Likelihood ratio positive | Likelihood ratio negative |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Respiratory rate model | ||||||
| 0 | 50 | 0 | 100.0% | 0.0% | 1.000 | - |
| 1 | 153 | 3.1% | 94.6% | 10.6% | 1.059 | 0.506 |
| 2 | 154 | 6.5% | 82.1% | 43.5% | 1.453 | 0.411 |
| 3 | 73 | 13.3% | 69.6% | 76.6% | 2.973 | 0.396 |
| 4 | 45 | 25.2% | 51.8% | 90.8% | 5.608 | 0.531 |
| 5 | 23 | 42.5% | 26.8% | 97.8% | 11.893 | 0.749 |
| 6 | 2 | 61.9% | 1.8% | 99.8% | 7.929 | 0.984 |
| Oxygen saturation model | ||||||
| 0 | 135 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 1.000 | - |
| 1 | 161 | 3.9% | 91.1% | 29.3% | 1.288 | 0.305 |
| 2 | 30 | 7.7% | 78.6% | 64.0% | 2.180 | 0.335 |
| 3 | 90 | 14.8% | 76.8% | 70.5% | 2.603 | 0.329 |
| 4 | 41 | 26.4% | 58.9% | 88.5% | 5.130 | 0.464 |
| 5 | 8 | 42.6% | 46.4% | 96.2% | 12.126 | 0.557 |
| 6 | 35 | 60.6% | 39.3% | 97.1% | 13.418 | 0.626 |
PJP, Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia.
Note: Although it is possible to score 9 points in the respiratory rate clinical prediction rule, no participant had a score of higher than 6; therefore, the probability of PJP could not be calculated for higher scores.