Table 2.
Stem Cell-Based Methods for Developmental Toxicant Screening
| Assay | Species | Duration (days) | Compounds in Test Set | Summary | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mEST | Mouse | 10 | 15-20 | Accuracy: 78%–83% | Genschow et al. (2002), Paquette et al. (2008) |
| FACS-EST | Mouse | 7 | 10 | Accuracy: 100% | Buesen et al. (2009) |
| Molecular-EST | Mouse | 4 | 65 | Accuracy: 72%; Sensitivity: 76%; Specificity: 69% | Panzica-Kelly et al. (2013) |
| EBT | Mouse | 10 | 21 | Accuracy: 90.5% | Kang et al. (2017) |
| Untargeted metabolomics | Human | 4 | 8 | Accuracy: 88%; Sensitivity: 80%; Specificity: 100% | West et al. (2010) |
| Human | 3 | 11 | Accuracy: 83%; Sensitivity: 92%; Specificity: 75% | Kleinstreuer et al. (2011) | |
| Metabolomics (O/C ratio) | Human | 3 | 13 | Accuracy: 77%; Sensitivity: 57%; Specificity: 100% | Palmer et al. (2013) |
| High-throughput imaging | Human | 3 | 71 | Accuracy: 94%; Sensitivity: 97%; Specificity: 92% | Kameoka et al. (2014) |
| ReProGlo Assay | Mouse | 1 | 17 | Accuracy: 76%; Sensitivity: 71%; Specificity: 100% | Uibel et al. (2010) |
| Hand1-EST | Mouse | 6 | 24 | Accuracy: 83%; Sensitivity: 93%; Specificity: 63% | Suzuki et al. (2011) |
| Cmya-1-EST | Mouse | 6 | 24 | Accuracy: 92%; Sensitivity: 93%; Specificity: 87% | Suzuki et al. (2011) |