FIG 3.

Overexpressing uppS restores cell shape to E. coli CS109 at 42°C. (A) CS109 harboring plasmids carrying the indicated genes were grown at 42°C in LB plus 25 μM isopropyl-thio-β-d-galactopyranoside (IPTG) to an OD₆₀₀ of 0.5 to 0.6 and photographed by phase-contrast microscopy. The scale bar represents 3 μm. (B) Histograms of the forward-scatter (FSC) area of 100,000 live cells shown in panel A. The mean of the forward-scatter area is reported in arbitrary units (AU) to the right of each curve, and the vertical dashed line represents the mean forward scatter of CS109 alone. puppS⁺, pMAJ9; puppS31, pUppS; vector, pDSW204.